Brake control for aeroplanes



Sept. 19, 1933. BREGUET BRAKE CONTROL FOR AEROPLANES Filed Jan. 15, 19312 Sheets-Sheet 1 @wm/1R:-

TnaM/o iunid Sept. 19, 1933. l.. BREGUET BRAKE CONTROL FOR AEROPLANESFiled Jan. 15, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 19, 1933 UNITEDSTATESPATENT OFFICE BRAKE CONTROL Foa AEROPLANES Louis Breguet, Paris,France, assignor to Societe Anonyme Des Ateliers DAviation LouisBreguet, Paris, France, a company of France Application January 15,1931, Serial No. 508,983, and in Germany January 17, 1930 s claims. (c1.18s-72) The invention relates to a brake control for which oneparticular manner of carrying out the aeroplane wheels. invention isillustrated by way of example, Fig- Aeroplane Wheel brakes generallyinuse hitherure 1 illustrates a section along the axle of an to haveseveral disadvantages: aeroplane wheel provided with a brake device 5 1.The movable control parts are exposed to according to the invention,Fig. 2 isan elevational 60 the air and are subjected to harmfulatmospheric view, partly in section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1,influences in the case of certain brake parts such the lateral discs ofthe wheel being supposed reas motion links and return springs, which, inmoved so as to show the brake shoes and the consequence of insufficientprotection from dust, spring arms that support them.

Y dirt or moisture are liable to stick or jam. This The wheel properconsists of a rim 1 on which 65 practice may cause aeroplanes to turnover as a two discs 2, the central portions of which are result oflanding with inoperative brakes. removed, are riveted or welded at theirpoints 2. The braking torque or moment applied to of contact with thesaid rim. Their inner edges wheels by means of brakes similar to thoseof auare clamped by means of screw bolts 4 between tomobiles cannotproduce the amount of braking two conical plates 3 of sheet material orcast iron 70 required by the operator because the pressure of whichwiden out at the axis and are rotatably the brake parts on the brakedrum does not demounted on ball bearings 5 on the fixed axis 6. pendonly on the power exerted by the operator The brake parts are disposedin the space exon the brake linkage. This power is transmitted istingbetween the plates 3, S0 that they are DTO- with more or less intensityaccording to the potected from atmospheric inuences. 75 sition of thecam effecting the spreading of the The brake device consists of twocircular brake brake shoes, the position of the latter depending Shoes'7 which can be brought into braking c011- on the adjustment of thebrakes and on their tact with corresponding braking surface memberswear. on the plates 3 constituting the wheel proper by This invention.relates more particularly to displacement in the direction of the wheelaxle. 80 brake control for aeroplane wheels preferably The brake shoes'7 are solidly connected with the manufactured from plates of sheetmaterial or fixed axle by radial arms 8 comprising leaf springs castplates, and of the type in which a section of which are so disposed asto normally maintain the wheel by a plane passing through the Wheel thebrake rings out of the operative or braking axle has the shape of alozenge the sides 0f pOSitOn. The displacement 0f the brake rings 7 85which are prolonged outwardly. is obtained by means of a system oflevers con- In aeroplane wheels of this type, the internal sisting 0f aradially disposed lever 9 DVOaJlY brake consists preferably of two brakeshoes conconnected at 12 to one brake ring 7 and onto r nected with thebrake axle by leaf springs, the which is pivOted et 11 One end 0f a link10 Piv- 3" brake shoes being displaced in the direction of oted at theother end atiz onto the other brake 90 the wheel axle and being broughtinto contact ring 7. with friction surface members xed on the wheel. Inthe example shown, there are four radial The displacement of the brakeshoes or rings arms vfor connecting the brake shoes to the axle,

is effected through a linkwork engaging thereand there are also fourlevers 9, each making an 95 40 with. angle of 45 with the two adjacentradial arms s. According to the invention, the said linkwork But this isonly an arrangement shown by way is operated by means of a head adaptedto move of example, and any number of radial arms and within the Wheelaxle without rotation therein levers may be chosen according to the sizeof the and adjustably connected with a socket member wheel. y 10o andthe displacement of the latter is effected by As is easily evident fromthe gure the brake the action of another piston actuated directly byrings are moved away from one another by dismeans of fluid pressure orby a brake control. Aplacing the lever 9 towards the left. Which-@USGS Abraking device constructed in this manner them to abut against thebraking surface of the obviates the drawbacks mentioned above, `:for itwheel. 105

permits an accurate control of the position of This displacement of thelever 9 is eiected dithe movable head and consequently of the brakrectlyby a IeCiPIOCable head 13 Sliding inside the ing device when the brakeis not in use and the wheel axle, and operated either by fluid pressuremoving parts of the brake device are completely or by mechanicalcontrol. enclosed in a housing.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in by means of a gaseous orliquid mediur'* In the case illustrated, the control is obtained no Thehead 13 can slide within the xed axle 6 and is kept in abutting relationwith the inner end of lever 9, the latter passing through a slot 21 insaid head and a slot 22 in the tubular axle 6. This constructionprevents head 13 from rotating within the axle 6 but it will be realizedthat any other known device, such as a key, could be provided for thatpurpose, as additional means. Head 13 is solidly connected with a rod 23screwed into a socket member 14, which is slidably mounted in axle 6, aremovable key 16 normally preventing said socket 14 from turning withinsaid axle 6. Small piston 17, fitted in cylinder 18, to which the fluidunder pressure is fed through ilexible pipe 19, serves to move socket 14longitudinally in axle 6, thus controlling the displacements of lever 9for applying the brake.

In order to permit the adjustment of the brake, and especially to takeup the play resulting from Wear of the brake linings,cross head 13 canbe displaced within hollow axle 6 through the following arrangement:

As above explained, head 13 can slide within axle 6 but is not allowedto rotate with respect thereto. On the other hand axle 6 is providedwith openings 24 through which a tool fitting into sockets 15 of-member14 can be inserted. Now, if key 16 is removed, member 14 may be rotated,through said tool, with respect to axle 6, without being given anylongitudinal movement therein. As head 13 and member 14 are connectedtogether through a rod or tube 23 rigidly fixed to head 13 and screwinginto member 14, such a rotary displacement of member 14 within axle 6will produce a longitudinal movement of head 13 which, as aboveexplained, can slide, but not rotate within axle 6. This will permit toadjust the normal position of lever 9.

Of course, when key 16 is in position, member 14 cannot rotate withinaxle 6 and the only longitudinal displacements that head 13 can then begiven are those due to the displacement of piston 1'7 in cylinder 18under the action of a fluid under pressure fed through pipe 19.

The removable system consisting of the wheel and axle is secured to theunder carriage struts (not shown), by means of the wing nut 20, whichalso serves for connecting with the axle the casing containing thepressure cylinder 18 withits actu ating piston 17 and other accessoryparts.

What I claim is:

1. In a braking device of the type described the combination of a hollowwheel axle, of brake shoes resiliently carried by said axle, of alinkwork connection with said brake shoes for the control thereof, of ahead slidably mounted within said axle and operatively engaging saidlinkwork, of a socket adjustably connected with said head forcontrolling the same, and of means for moving the socket for brakingpurposes.

2. In a braking device of the type described, the combination of ahollow wheel axle, of brake shoes resiliently connected with said axle,of a linkwork connected with said brake shoes for the control thereof,of a head slidably mounted within said axle and operatively engagingsaid linkwork, the

axle and the head being correspondingly slotted to be traversed by partof the linkwork in a way to prevent the rotation of said head, of asocket adjustably connected with said head for controlling the same andof means for moving the socket for braking purposes.

3. In a braking device of the type described, the combination of ahollow wheel axle, of brake shoes resiliently connected with said axle,of a linkwork connected with said shoes for the control thereof, of ahead slidably mounted within said axle and operatively engaging saidlinkwork, of means for preventing the rotation of said head withreference to said axle, of a rod connected with said head and having athreaded portion, of a socket slidably mounted within said axle andhaving a threaded portion engaging the threaded portion of said rod, ofmeans for rotating said socketwithin said axle for adjustment purposes,of removable means for preventing the rotation of said socket withinsaid axle and of means for moving said socket for braking purposes.

4. .In a braking device of the type described the combination of ahollow wheel axle, of brake shoes resiliently connected with said axle,of a link- Work connected with said brake shoes for the control thereof,of a head slidably mounted within said ,axle and operatively engagingsaid link- Work, of a socket adjustably connected with said head forcontrolling the same, of a pressure uid cylinder associated with saidaxle adjacent said socket, of a piston mounted within said cylinder andadapted to operatively engage said socket, and of means for admittingpressure fluid into the said cylinder for the purpose set forth.

5. A braking device for a wheel, and especially for an airplane wheel,which comprises in combination, at least one friction disc carried bysaid Wheel, a hollow wheel axle, brake shoes adapted to frictionallyengage said disc, resilient means for directly connectingsaid brakeshoes to said axle adapted to normally keep said brake shoes out ofcontact with said friction disc, articulated means for applying saidbrake shoes against said friction. disc, a head, slidably mounted insaid axle, forh actuating said articulated means, a socket also slidablein said axle, adjustable means for connecting said socket to said head,and means for causing said socket to slide in said axle.

6. A braking device for a wheel, especially adapted for an airplanewheel, which comprises in combination, at least one friction disccarried by said wheel, a hollow Wheel axle,brake shoes adapted tofrictionally engage said disc, a plurality of spring armsinterconnecting said brake shoes and said axle, adapted to normally keepsaid brake shoes out of contact with said friction disc, articulatedmeans for applying said brake shoes against said friction disc, a head,slidably mounted in said axle, for actuating said articulated means, asocket, also slidably mounted in said axle, adjustable means forconnecting said socket to said head, and means for causing said socketto slide in said axle.

LOUIS BREGUET.

